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| Unknown | 1992-06-06 | 397.5 KB |
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MacOS 8.1
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Win98
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DOS
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| Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
|---|
| 66%
| dexvert
| OS/2 Installation Package (archive/os2InstallPackage)
| ext
| Supported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| BeOS Installation Package (archive/beOSInstallPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Newton Package (archive/newtonPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Independence War 2 mod Package (other/independenceWar2ModPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 100%
| file
| data
| default
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|00000380| ef d0 03 00 91 12 00 00 | 36 33 00 00 00 01 80 e3 |........|63......|
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|000003d0| 00 00 00 01 2b 36 04 00 | e5 0d 00 00 36 39 00 00 |....+6..|....69..|
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|00000490| 00 00 38 32 00 00 00 01 | b6 0f 05 00 23 10 00 00 |..82....|....#...|
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|000004b0| 00 00 00 01 c5 31 05 00 | e6 0b 00 00 38 35 00 00 |.....1..|....85..|
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|000004d0| 96 4d 05 00 be 0f 00 00 | 38 37 00 00 00 01 54 5d |.M......|87....T]|
|000004e0| 05 00 9c 11 00 00 38 38 | 00 00 00 01 f0 6e 05 00 |......88|.....n..|
|000004f0| c7 10 00 00 38 39 00 00 | 00 01 b7 7f 05 00 7c 0e |....89..|......|.|
|00000500| 00 00 39 30 00 00 00 01 | 33 8e 05 00 e3 0a 00 00 |..90....|3.......|
|00000510| 39 31 00 00 00 01 16 99 | 05 00 d8 13 00 00 39 32 |91......|......92|
|00000520| 00 00 00 01 ee ac 05 00 | d9 0e 00 00 39 33 00 00 |........|....93..|
|00000530| 00 01 c7 bb 05 00 0b 14 | 00 00 39 34 00 00 00 01 |........|..94....|
|00000540| d2 cf 05 00 16 0e 00 00 | 39 35 00 00 00 01 e8 dd |........|95......|
|00000550| 05 00 9e 13 00 00 39 36 | 00 00 00 01 86 f1 05 00 |......96|........|
|00000560| 03 11 00 00 39 37 00 00 | 00 01 89 02 06 00 92 15 |....97..|........|
|00000570| 00 00 39 38 00 00 00 01 | 1b 18 06 00 ce 0f 00 00 |..98....|........|
|00000580| 39 39 00 00 00 01 e9 27 | 06 00 10 0e 00 00 00 00 |99.....'|........|
|00000590| 00 00 00 00 f9 35 06 00 | 00 00 00 00 24 55 6e 69 |.....5..|....$Uni|
|000005a0| 71 75 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 | 52 42 31 31 34 30 30 7d |que_ID{Y|RB11400}|
|000005b0| 0d 0a 24 54 69 74 6c 65 | 7b 49 6e 64 6f 6d 65 74 |..$Title|{Indomet|
|000005c0| 68 61 63 69 6e 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 54 72 65 |hacin in| the Tre|
|000005d0| 61 74 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f | 66 20 50 72 65 6d 61 74 |atment o|f Premat|
|000005e0| 75 72 65 20 4c 61 62 6f | 72 3a 20 20 45 66 66 65 |ure Labo|r: Effe|
|000005f0| 63 74 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 46 65 74 61 6c |cts on t|he Fetal|
|00000600| 20 44 75 63 74 75 73 20 | 41 72 74 65 72 69 6f 73 | Ductus |Arterios|
|00000610| 75 73 7d 0d 0a 24 41 75 | 74 68 6f 72 7b 4d 6f 69 |us}..$Au|thor{Moi|
|00000620| 73 65 2c 20 4b 4a 20 4a | 72 0d 0a 48 75 68 74 61 |se, KJ J|r..Huhta|
|00000630| 2c 20 4a 43 0d 0a 53 68 | 61 72 69 66 2c 20 44 53 |, JC..Sh|arif, DS|
|00000640| 0d 0a 4f 75 2c 20 43 2d | 4e 0d 0a 4b 69 72 73 68 |..Ou, C-|N..Kirsh|
|00000650| 6f 6e 2c 20 42 0d 0a 57 | 61 73 73 65 72 73 74 72 |on, B..W|asserstr|
|00000660| 75 6d 2c 20 4e 0d 0a 43 | 61 6e 6f 2c 20 4c 7d 0d |um, N..C|ano, L}.|
|00000670| 0a 24 41 66 66 69 6c 69 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 7b 42 61 |.$Affili|ation{Ba|
|00000680| 79 6c 6f 72 20 43 6f 6c | 6c 65 67 65 20 6f 66 20 |ylor Col|lege of |
|00000690| 4d 65 64 69 63 69 6e 65 | 2c 20 48 6f 75 73 74 6f |Medicine|, Housto|
|000006a0| 6e 7d 0d 0a 24 4a 6f 75 | 72 6e 61 6c 7b 4e 20 45 |n}..$Jou|rnal{N E|
|000006b0| 6e 67 6c 20 4a 20 4d 65 | 64 7d 0d 0a 24 56 6f 6c |ngl J Me|d}..$Vol|
|000006c0| 75 6d 65 7b 33 31 39 7d | 0d 0a 24 50 61 67 65 7b |ume{319}|..$Page{|
|000006d0| 33 32 37 2d 33 33 31 7d | 0d 0a 24 44 61 74 65 7b |327-331}|..$Date{|
|000006e0| 41 75 67 20 31 31 2c 20 | 31 39 38 38 7d 0d 0a 24 |Aug 11, |1988}..$|
|000006f0| 59 42 56 6f 6c 7b 31 39 | 39 30 20 59 65 61 72 20 |YBVol{19|90 Year |
|00000700| 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 | 4f 62 73 74 65 74 72 69 |Book of |Obstetri|
|00000710| 63 73 20 61 6e 64 20 47 | 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c 6f 67 |cs and G|ynecolog|
|00000720| 79 7d 0d 0a 24 43 68 61 | 70 74 65 72 7b 31 2d 31 |y}..$Cha|pter{1-1|
|00000730| 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 45 64 | 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 72 73 |}..$YBEd|itor{Drs|
|00000740| 2e 20 4d 69 73 68 65 6c | 6c 2c 20 4b 69 72 73 63 |. Mishel|l, Kirsc|
|00000750| 68 62 61 75 6d 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 4d 6f 72 72 6f |hbaum, a|nd Morro|
|00000760| 77 7d 0d 0a 24 54 61 62 | 6c 65 7b 7d 0d 0a 24 43 |w}..$Tab|le{}..$C|
|00000770| 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 | 6f 72 7b 54 2e 48 2e 20 |ommentat|or{T.H. |
|00000780| 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 61 | 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 2e |Kirschba|um, M.D.|
|00000790| 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 |}....Cop|yright (|
|000007a0| 63 29 20 59 65 61 72 62 | 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 64 69 |c) Yearb|ook Medi|
|000007b0| 63 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c | 69 73 68 65 72 73 2c 20 |cal Publ|ishers, |
|000007c0| 49 6e 63 2e 2c 20 31 39 | 39 30 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 39 |Inc., 19|90....19|
|000007d0| 39 30 20 59 65 61 72 20 | 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 |90 Year |Book of |
|000007e0| 4f 62 73 74 65 74 72 69 | 63 73 20 61 6e 64 20 47 |Obstetri|cs and G|
|000007f0| 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c 6f 67 | 79 20 28 52 29 0d 0a 0d |ynecolog|y (R)...|
|00000800| 0a 43 68 61 70 74 65 72 | 20 31 2d 2d 4d 61 74 65 |.Chapter| 1--Mate|
|00000810| 72 6e 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 46 65 74 61 6c 20 50 |rnal and| Fetal P|
|00000820| 68 79 73 69 6f 6c 6f 67 | 79 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d |hysiolog|y....---|
|00000830| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000840| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000850| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000860| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000870| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 49 6e 64 |--------|---..Ind|
|00000880| 6f 6d 65 74 68 61 63 69 | 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |omethaci|n in the|
|00000890| 20 54 72 65 61 74 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 50 72 | Treatme|nt of Pr|
|000008a0| 65 6d 61 74 75 72 65 20 | 4c 61 62 6f 72 3a 20 20 |emature |Labor: |
|000008b0| 45 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 46 |Effects |on the F|
|000008c0| 65 74 61 6c 20 44 75 63 | 74 75 73 0d 0a 41 72 74 |etal Duc|tus..Art|
|000008d0| 65 72 69 6f 73 75 73 0d | 0a 0d 0a 4d 6f 69 73 65 |eriosus.|...Moise|
|000008e0| 20 4b 4a 20 4a 72 2c 20 | 48 75 68 74 61 20 4a 43 | KJ Jr, |Huhta JC|
|000008f0| 2c 20 53 68 61 72 69 66 | 20 44 53 2c 20 4f 75 20 |, Sharif| DS, Ou |
|00000900| 43 2d 4e 2c 20 4b 69 72 | 73 68 6f 6e 20 42 2c 20 |C-N, Kir|shon B, |
|00000910| 57 61 73 73 65 72 73 74 | 72 75 6d 20 4e 2c 20 43 |Wasserst|rum N, C|
|00000920| 61 6e 6f 20 4c 0d 0a 28 | 42 61 79 6c 6f 72 20 43 |ano L..(|Baylor C|
|00000930| 6f 6c 6c 65 67 65 20 6f | 66 20 4d 65 64 69 63 69 |ollege o|f Medici|
|00000940| 6e 65 2c 20 48 6f 75 73 | 74 6f 6e 29 0d 0a 4e 20 |ne, Hous|ton)..N |
|00000950| 45 6e 67 6c 20 4a 20 4d | 65 64 20 33 31 39 3a 33 |Engl J M|ed 319:3|
|00000960| 32 37 2d 33 33 31 2c 20 | 41 75 67 20 31 31 2c 20 |27-331, |Aug 11, |
|00000970| 31 39 38 38 0d 0a 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |1988..--|--------|
|00000980| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000990| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000009a0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000009b0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000009c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a | 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 |----....|Abstract|
|000009d0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 75 73 65 |.... | The use|
|000009e0| 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 64 6f | 6d 65 74 68 61 63 69 6e | of indo|methacin|
|000009f0| 2c 20 61 20 70 6f 74 65 | 6e 74 20 61 67 65 6e 74 |, a pote|nt agent|
|00000a00| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 74 72 65 61 74 6d 65 6e | in the |treatmen|
|00000a10| 74 20 6f 66 20 70 72 65 | 6d 61 74 75 72 65 0d 0a |t of pre|mature..|
|00000a20| 6c 61 62 6f 72 2c 20 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |labor, h|as been |
|00000a30| 6c 69 6d 69 74 65 64 20 | 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 |limited |because |
|00000a40| 6f 66 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 | 72 6e 73 20 61 62 6f 75 |of conce|rns abou|
|00000a50| 74 20 69 74 73 20 63 6f | 6e 73 74 72 69 63 74 69 |t its co|nstricti|
|00000a60| 76 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 73 20 6f 6e 0d 0a 74 |ve effec|ts on..t|
|00000a70| 68 65 20 66 65 74 61 6c | 20 64 75 63 74 75 73 20 |he fetal| ductus |
|00000a80| 61 72 74 65 72 69 6f 73 | 75 73 2e 20 20 54 6f 20 |arterios|us. To |
|00000a90| 66 75 72 74 68 65 72 20 | 69 6e 76 65 73 74 69 67 |further |investig|
|00000aa0| 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 |ate thes|e effect|
|00000ab0| 73 2c 20 73 65 72 69 61 | 6c 0d 0a 66 65 74 61 6c |s, seria|l..fetal|
|00000ac0| 20 65 63 68 6f 63 61 72 | 64 69 6f 67 72 61 70 68 | echocar|diograph|
|00000ad0| 79 20 77 61 73 20 64 6f | 6e 65 20 69 6e 20 31 33 |y was do|ne in 13|
|00000ae0| 20 70 72 65 67 6e 61 6e | 74 20 77 6f 6d 65 6e 20 | pregnan|t women |
|00000af0| 69 6e 20 70 72 65 6d 61 | 74 75 72 65 20 6c 61 62 |in prema|ture lab|
|00000b00| 6f 72 20 77 68 6f 0d 0a | 72 65 63 65 69 76 65 64 |or who..|received|
|00000b10| 20 69 6e 64 6f 6d 65 74 | 68 61 63 69 6e 20 61 63 | indomet|hacin ac|
|00000b20| 63 6f 72 64 69 6e 67 20 | 74 6f 20 33 20 64 69 66 |cording |to 3 dif|
|00000b30| 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 64 | 6f 73 65 20 73 63 68 65 |ferent d|ose sche|
|00000b40| 64 75 6c 65 73 2c 20 72 | 61 6e 67 69 6e 67 20 66 |dules, r|anging f|
|00000b50| 72 6f 6d 0d 0a 31 30 30 | 20 6d 67 20 74 6f 20 31 |rom..100| mg to 1|
|00000b60| 37 35 20 6d 67 20 64 61 | 69 6c 79 20 66 6f 72 20 |75 mg da|ily for |
|00000b70| 61 20 6d 61 78 69 6d 75 | 6d 20 6f 66 20 37 32 20 |a maximu|m of 72 |
|00000b80| 68 6f 75 72 73 2e 20 20 | 4f 6e 65 20 77 6f 6d 61 |hours. |One woma|
|00000b90| 6e 20 63 61 72 72 69 65 | 64 20 74 77 69 6e 73 2e |n carrie|d twins.|
|00000ba0| 0d 0a 54 68 65 20 67 65 | 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |..The ge|stationa|
|00000bb0| 6c 20 61 67 65 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 66 65 |l ages o|f the fe|
|00000bc0| 74 75 73 65 73 20 72 61 | 6e 67 65 64 20 66 72 6f |tuses ra|nged fro|
|00000bd0| 6d 20 32 36 2e 35 20 74 | 6f 20 33 31 20 77 65 65 |m 26.5 t|o 31 wee|
|00000be0| 6b 73 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 49 6e 20 37 20 6f |ks... | In 7 o|
|00000bf0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 31 34 | 20 66 65 74 75 73 65 73 |f the 14| fetuses|
|00000c00| 20 64 65 74 65 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 64 75 | detecti|on of du|
|00000c10| 63 74 61 6c 20 63 6f 6e | 73 74 72 69 63 74 69 6f |ctal con|strictio|
|00000c20| 6e 20 62 79 0d 0a 65 63 | 68 6f 63 61 72 64 69 6f |n by..ec|hocardio|
|00000c30| 67 72 61 70 68 79 20 6c | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 64 69 |graphy l|ed to di|
|00000c40| 73 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |scontinu|ation of|
|00000c50| 20 69 6e 64 6f 6d 65 74 | 68 61 63 69 6e 2e 20 20 | indomet|hacin. |
|00000c60| 54 68 72 65 65 20 66 65 | 74 75 73 65 73 20 77 65 |Three fe|tuses we|
|00000c70| 72 65 0d 0a 66 6f 75 6e | 64 20 74 6f 20 68 61 76 |re..foun|d to hav|
|00000c80| 65 20 74 72 69 63 75 73 | 70 69 64 20 72 65 67 75 |e tricus|pid regu|
|00000c90| 72 67 69 74 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 61 73 20 77 65 6c |rgitatio|n as wel|
|00000ca0| 6c 2e 20 20 4e 6f 20 73 | 69 67 6e 69 66 69 63 61 |l. No s|ignifica|
|00000cb0| 6e 74 20 64 69 66 66 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 20 77 61 |nt diffe|rence wa|
|00000cc0| 73 0d 0a 6f 62 73 65 72 | 76 65 64 20 62 65 74 77 |s..obser|ved betw|
|00000cd0| 65 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 6d 65 61 6e 20 67 65 73 |een the |mean ges|
|00000ce0| 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 61 67 65 20 6f 66 20 |tational| age of |
|00000cf0| 74 68 65 20 66 65 74 75 | 73 65 73 20 77 69 74 68 |the fetu|ses with|
|00000d00| 20 64 75 63 74 61 6c 0d | 0a 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 69 | ductal.|.constri|
|00000d10| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 6f |ction an|d that o|
|00000d20| 66 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 | 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 |f those |without |
|00000d30| 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 69 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 54 |constric|tion. T|
|00000d40| 68 65 72 65 20 77 61 73 | 20 6e 6f 0d 0a 72 65 6c |here was| no..rel|
|00000d50| 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 68 69 | 70 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 |ationshi|p betwee|
|00000d60| 6e 20 73 65 72 75 6d 20 | 69 6e 64 6f 6d 65 74 68 |n serum |indometh|
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|00001ca0| 45 64 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 | 72 73 2e 20 4d 69 73 68 |Editor{D|rs. Mish|
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|00001cf0| 72 7b 54 2e 48 2e 20 4b | 69 72 73 63 68 62 61 75 |r{T.H. K|irschbau|
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|00001d80| 31 2d 2d 4d 61 74 65 72 | 6e 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 |1--Mater|nal and |
|00001d90| 46 65 74 61 6c 20 50 68 | 79 73 69 6f 6c 6f 67 79 |Fetal Ph|ysiology|
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|00001db0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001dc0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001dd0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001de0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001df0| 2d 2d 0d 0a 43 68 61 72 | 61 63 74 65 72 69 7a 61 |--..Char|acteriza|
|00001e00| 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 20 47 65 73 74 61 74 69 |tion and| Gestati|
|00001e10| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 52 65 67 | 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |onal Reg|ulation |
|00001e20| 6f 66 20 43 6f 72 74 69 | 63 6f 74 72 6f 70 69 6e |of Corti|cotropin|
|00001e30| 2d 52 65 6c 65 61 73 69 | 6e 67 20 48 6f 72 6d 6f |-Releasi|ng Hormo|
|00001e40| 6e 65 0d 0a 4d 65 73 73 | 65 6e 67 65 72 20 52 4e |ne..Mess|enger RN|
|00001e50| 41 20 69 6e 20 48 75 6d | 61 6e 20 50 6c 61 63 65 |A in Hum|an Place|
|00001e60| 6e 74 61 0d 0a 0d 0a 46 | 72 69 6d 20 44 4d 2c 20 |nta....F|rim DM, |
|00001e70| 45 6d 61 6e 75 65 6c 20 | 52 4c 2c 20 52 6f 62 69 |Emanuel |RL, Robi|
|00001e80| 6e 73 6f 6e 20 42 47 2c | 20 53 6d 61 73 20 43 4d |nson BG,| Smas CM|
|00001e90| 2c 20 41 64 6c 65 72 20 | 47 4b 2c 20 4d 61 6a 7a |, Adler |GK, Majz|
|00001ea0| 6f 75 62 20 4a 41 0d 0a | 28 42 72 69 67 68 61 6d |oub JA..|(Brigham|
|00001eb0| 20 61 6e 64 20 57 6f 6d | 65 6e 27 73 20 48 6f 73 | and Wom|en's Hos|
|00001ec0| 70 2c 20 42 6f 73 74 6f | 6e 3b 20 48 61 72 76 61 |p, Bosto|n; Harva|
|00001ed0| 72 64 20 4d 65 64 20 53 | 63 68 6f 6f 6c 29 0d 0a |rd Med S|chool)..|
|00001ee0| 4a 20 43 6c 69 6e 20 49 | 6e 76 65 73 74 20 38 32 |J Clin I|nvest 82|
|00001ef0| 3a 32 38 37 2d 32 39 32 | 2c 20 4a 75 6c 79 20 31 |:287-292|, July 1|
|00001f00| 39 38 38 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |988..---|--------|
|00001f10| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001f20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001f30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001f40| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001f50| 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 | 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 0d |---....A|bstract.|
|00001f60| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 43 6f 72 74 69 63 6f 74 |... |Corticot|
|00001f70| 72 6f 70 69 6e 2d 72 65 | 6c 65 61 73 69 6e 67 20 |ropin-re|leasing |
|00001f80| 68 6f 72 6d 6f 6e 65 20 | 28 43 52 48 29 2c 20 61 |hormone |(CRH), a|
|00001f90| 20 6e 65 75 72 6f 70 65 | 70 74 69 64 65 2c 20 69 | neurope|ptide, i|
|00001fa0| 73 20 73 79 6e 74 68 65 | 73 69 7a 65 64 20 62 79 |s synthe|sized by|
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|00001fd0| 69 6e 20 72 65 73 70 6f | 6e 73 65 20 74 6f 20 73 |in respo|nse to s|
|00001fe0| 74 72 65 73 73 2e 20 20 | 41 6e 74 69 73 65 72 61 |tress. |Antisera|
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|00002030| 61 20 61 6e 64 20 66 65 | 74 61 6c 20 70 6c 61 73 |a and fe|tal plas|
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|00002060| 6c 61 63 65 6e 74 61 20 | 73 79 6e 74 68 65 73 69 |lacenta |synthesi|
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|00002100| 20 20 41 20 31 2c 37 30 | 30 2d 6e 75 63 6c 65 6f | A 1,70|0-nucleo|
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|00002120| 65 63 69 65 73 20 61 70 | 70 65 61 72 65 64 20 74 |ecies ap|peared t|
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|00002150| 61 6c 61 6d 69 63 20 43 | 52 48 20 6d 52 4e 41 2e |alamic C|RH mRNA.|
|00002160| 20 20 54 68 65 20 35 27 | 20 74 72 61 6e 73 63 72 | The 5'| transcr|
|00002170| 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 69 6e 69 74 69 61 74 |iptional| initiat|
|00002180| 69 6f 6e 20 73 69 74 65 | 2c 20 64 65 74 65 72 6d |ion site|, determ|
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|000021a0| 65 78 74 65 6e 73 69 6f | 6e 20 61 6e 61 6c 79 73 |extensio|n analys|
|000021b0| 69 73 2c 20 61 70 70 65 | 61 72 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |is, appe|ared to |
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|000021d0| 68 61 74 20 6f 66 20 68 | 79 70 6f 74 68 61 6c 61 |hat of h|ypothala|
|000021e0| 6d 69 63 0d 0a 43 52 48 | 2e 20 20 54 6f 74 61 6c |mic..CRH|. Total|
|000021f0| 20 52 4e 41 20 77 61 73 | 20 65 78 74 72 61 63 74 | RNA was| extract|
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|00002210| 73 20 61 67 65 64 20 37 | 2d 34 30 20 77 65 65 6b |s aged 7|-40 week|
|00002220| 73 2e 20 20 4e 6f 72 74 | 68 65 72 6e 20 62 6c 6f |s. Nort|hern blo|
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|00002240| 6e 73 74 72 61 74 65 64 | 20 6c 6f 77 20 6c 65 76 |nstrated| low lev|
|00002250| 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 43 | 52 48 20 6d 52 4e 41 20 |els of C|RH mRNA |
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|00002270| 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e | 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 0d |estation|, which.|
|00002280| 0a 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 6d 6f |.increas|ed by mo|
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|000022a0| 28 46 69 67 20 31 2d 31 | 29 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 |(Fig 1-1|) during|
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|000022c0| 73 20 6f 66 20 70 72 65 | 67 6e 61 6e 63 79 2e 0d |s of pre|gnancy..|
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|00002310| 68 75 6d 61 6e 20 70 6c | 61 63 65 6e 74 61 2e 0d |human pl|acenta..|
|00002320| 0a 49 74 73 20 6c 65 76 | 65 6c 20 69 73 20 6c 6f |.Its lev|el is lo|
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|00002470| 20 70 69 65 63 65 20 6f | 66 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 70 | piece o|f work p|
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|000024a0| 74 2e 20 20 4d 65 73 73 | 65 6e 67 65 72 20 52 4e |t. Mess|enger RN|
|000024b0| 41 20 28 6d 52 4e 41 29 | 20 69 73 20 61 6e 20 69 |A (mRNA)| is an i|
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|00002580| 6f 6c 20 69 6e 20 61 20 | 74 69 73 73 75 65 3a 20 |ol in a |tissue: |
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|00002660| 79 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 | 74 65 72 69 7a 65 64 2c |y charac|terized,|
|00002670| 20 68 75 6d 61 6e 20 70 | 6c 61 63 65 6e 74 61 6c | human p|lacental|
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|000026a0| 63 61 6c 20 77 69 74 68 | 0d 0a 72 65 73 70 65 63 |cal with|..respec|
|000026b0| 74 20 74 6f 20 69 6d 6d | 75 6e 6f 72 65 61 63 74 |t to imm|unoreact|
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|00002900| 0a 6e 65 6f 6e 61 74 65 | 2e 2d 2d 54 2e 48 2e 20 |.neonate|.--T.H. |
|00002910| 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 61 | 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 2e |Kirschba|um, M.D.|
|00002920| 0d 0a 24 55 6e 69 71 75 | 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 52 42 |..$Uniqu|e_ID{YRB|
|00002930| 31 31 34 30 32 7d 0d 0a | 24 54 69 74 6c 65 7b 45 |11402}..|$Title{E|
|00002940| 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 6f | 66 20 53 6f 6d 61 74 6f |ffects o|f Somato|
|00002950| 73 74 61 74 69 6e 20 61 | 6e 64 20 47 6c 75 63 6f |statin a|nd Gluco|
|00002960| 73 65 20 49 6e 66 75 73 | 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 47 |se Infus|ion on G|
|00002970| 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 4b | 69 6e 65 74 69 63 73 20 |lucose K|inetics |
|00002980| 69 6e 20 46 65 74 61 6c | 20 53 68 65 65 70 7d 0d |in Fetal| Sheep}.|
|00002990| 0a 24 41 75 74 68 6f 72 | 7b 42 6c 6f 63 68 2c 20 |.$Author|{Bloch, |
|000029a0| 43 41 0d 0a 4d 65 6e 6f | 6e 2c 20 52 4b 0d 0a 53 |CA..Meno|n, RK..S|
|000029b0| 70 65 72 6c 69 6e 67 2c | 20 4d 41 7d 0d 0a 24 41 |perling,| MA}..$A|
|000029c0| 66 66 69 6c 69 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 7b 55 6e 69 76 20 |ffiliati|on{Univ |
|000029d0| 6f 66 20 43 69 6e 63 69 | 6e 6e 61 74 69 7d 0d 0a |of Cinci|nnati}..|
|000029e0| 24 4a 6f 75 72 6e 61 6c | 7b 41 6d 20 4a 20 50 68 |$Journal|{Am J Ph|
|000029f0| 79 73 69 6f 6c 7d 0d 0a | 24 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 7b |ysiol}..|$Volume{|
|00002a00| 32 35 35 7d 0d 0a 24 50 | 61 67 65 7b 45 38 37 2d |255}..$P|age{E87-|
|00002a10| 45 39 33 7d 0d 0a 24 44 | 61 74 65 7b 4a 75 6c 79 |E93}..$D|ate{July|
|00002a20| 20 31 39 38 38 7d 0d 0a | 24 59 42 56 6f 6c 7b 31 | 1988}..|$YBVol{1|
|00002a30| 39 39 30 20 59 65 61 72 | 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 |990 Year| Book of|
|00002a40| 20 4f 62 73 74 65 74 72 | 69 63 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | Obstetr|ics and |
|00002a50| 47 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c 6f | 67 79 7d 0d 0a 24 43 68 |Gynecolo|gy}..$Ch|
|00002a60| 61 70 74 65 72 7b 31 2d | 33 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 45 |apter{1-|3}..$YBE|
|00002a70| 64 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 72 | 73 2e 20 4d 69 73 68 65 |ditor{Dr|s. Mishe|
|00002a80| 6c 6c 2c 20 4b 69 72 73 | 63 68 62 61 75 6d 2c 20 |ll, Kirs|chbaum, |
|00002a90| 61 6e 64 20 4d 6f 72 72 | 6f 77 7d 0d 0a 24 54 61 |and Morr|ow}..$Ta|
|00002aa0| 62 6c 65 7b 7d 0d 0a 24 | 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 61 |ble{}..$|Commenta|
|00002ab0| 74 6f 72 7b 54 2e 48 2e | 20 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 |tor{T.H.| Kirschb|
|00002ac0| 61 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 | 2e 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 6f |aum, M.D|.}....Co|
|00002ad0| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 | 28 63 29 20 59 65 61 72 |pyright |(c) Year|
|00002ae0| 62 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 64 | 69 63 61 6c 20 50 75 62 |book Med|ical Pub|
|00002af0| 6c 69 73 68 65 72 73 2c | 20 49 6e 63 2e 2c 20 31 |lishers,| Inc., 1|
|00002b00| 39 39 30 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 | 39 39 30 20 59 65 61 72 |990....1|990 Year|
|00002b10| 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 | 20 4f 62 73 74 65 74 72 | Book of| Obstetr|
|00002b20| 69 63 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 47 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c 6f |ics and |Gynecolo|
|00002b30| 67 79 20 28 52 29 0d 0a | 0d 0a 43 68 61 70 74 65 |gy (R)..|..Chapte|
|00002b40| 72 20 31 2d 2d 4d 61 74 | 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 61 6e |r 1--Mat|ernal an|
|00002b50| 64 20 46 65 74 61 6c 20 | 50 68 79 73 69 6f 6c 6f |d Fetal |Physiolo|
|00002b60| 67 79 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |gy....--|--------|
|00002b70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002b80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002b90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002ba0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002bb0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 45 66 | 66 65 63 74 73 20 6f 66 |----..Ef|fects of|
|00002bc0| 20 53 6f 6d 61 74 6f 73 | 74 61 74 69 6e 20 61 6e | Somatos|tatin an|
|00002bd0| 64 20 47 6c 75 63 6f 73 | 65 20 49 6e 66 75 73 69 |d Glucos|e Infusi|
|00002be0| 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 47 6c | 75 63 6f 73 65 20 4b 69 |on on Gl|ucose Ki|
|00002bf0| 6e 65 74 69 63 73 20 69 | 6e 20 46 65 74 61 6c 0d |netics i|n Fetal.|
|00002c00| 0a 53 68 65 65 70 0d 0a | 0d 0a 42 6c 6f 63 68 20 |.Sheep..|..Bloch |
|00002c10| 43 41 2c 20 4d 65 6e 6f | 6e 20 52 4b 2c 20 53 70 |CA, Meno|n RK, Sp|
|00002c20| 65 72 6c 69 6e 67 20 4d | 41 0d 0a 28 55 6e 69 76 |erling M|A..(Univ|
|00002c30| 20 6f 66 20 43 69 6e 63 | 69 6e 6e 61 74 69 29 0d | of Cinc|innati).|
|00002c40| 0a 41 6d 20 4a 20 50 68 | 79 73 69 6f 6c 20 32 35 |.Am J Ph|ysiol 25|
|00002c50| 35 3a 45 38 37 2d 45 39 | 33 2c 20 4a 75 6c 79 20 |5:E87-E9|3, July |
|00002c60| 31 39 38 38 0d 0a 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |1988..--|--------|
|00002c70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002c80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002c90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002ca0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002cb0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a | 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 |----....|Abstract|
|00002cc0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 44 65 73 70 69 74 65 |.... | Despite|
|00002cd0| 20 74 68 65 20 64 6f 63 | 75 6d 65 6e 74 65 64 20 | the doc|umented |
|00002ce0| 65 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 | 6f 66 20 69 6e 73 75 6c |effects |of insul|
|00002cf0| 69 6e 20 6f 6e 20 66 65 | 74 61 6c 20 67 6c 75 63 |in on fe|tal gluc|
|00002d00| 6f 73 65 20 6b 69 6e 65 | 74 69 63 73 2c 20 69 74 |ose kine|tics, it|
|00002d10| 0d 0a 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 6b 6e 6f 77 6e 20 68 |..is not| known h|
|00002d20| 6f 77 20 67 6c 75 63 6f | 73 65 20 61 66 66 65 63 |ow gluco|se affec|
|00002d30| 74 73 20 66 65 74 61 6c | 20 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 |ts fetal| glucose|
|00002d40| 20 6b 69 6e 65 74 69 63 | 73 20 69 6e 64 65 70 65 | kinetic|s indepe|
|00002d50| 6e 64 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 | 6f 66 0d 0a 69 6e 73 75 |ndently |of..insu|
|00002d60| 6c 69 6e 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 |lin. Th|e effect|
|00002d70| 73 20 6f 66 20 65 78 6f | 67 65 6e 6f 75 73 20 67 |s of exo|genous g|
|00002d80| 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 69 | 6e 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 |lucose i|nfusion |
|00002d90| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 65 74 61 6c 20 73 68 65 |to the f|etal she|
|00002da0| 65 70 20 6f 6e 0d 0a 66 | 65 74 61 6c 20 67 6c 75 |ep on..f|etal glu|
|00002db0| 63 6f 73 65 20 74 75 72 | 6e 6f 76 65 72 20 77 68 |cose tur|nover wh|
|00002dc0| 69 6c 65 20 69 6e 73 75 | 6c 69 6e 20 73 65 63 72 |ile insu|lin secr|
|00002dd0| 65 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 61 | 73 20 73 75 70 70 72 65 |etion wa|s suppre|
|00002de0| 73 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 | 61 20 63 6f 6e 63 6f 6d |ssed by |a concom|
|00002df0| 69 74 61 6e 74 0d 0a 69 | 6e 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 |itant..i|nfusion |
|00002e00| 6f 66 20 73 6f 6d 61 74 | 6f 73 74 61 74 69 6e 20 |of somat|ostatin |
|00002e10| 28 53 52 49 46 29 20 77 | 65 72 65 20 64 65 74 65 |(SRIF) w|ere dete|
|00002e20| 72 6d 69 6e 65 64 2e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 42 79 |rmined..|. By|
|00002e30| 20 69 6e 66 75 73 69 6e | 67 20 53 52 49 46 20 66 | infusin|g SRIF f|
|00002e40| 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 | 62 79 20 53 52 49 46 20 |ollowed |by SRIF |
|00002e50| 70 6c 75 73 20 67 6c 75 | 63 6f 73 65 20 28 70 72 |plus glu|cose (pr|
|00002e60| 6f 74 6f 63 6f 6c 20 41 | 29 20 6f 72 20 72 65 76 |otocol A|) or rev|
|00002e70| 65 72 73 69 6e 67 0d 0a | 74 68 65 20 69 6e 69 74 |ersing..|the init|
|00002e80| 69 61 6c 20 69 6e 66 75 | 73 69 6f 6e 20 73 65 71 |ial infu|sion seq|
|00002e90| 75 65 6e 63 65 20 28 70 | 72 6f 74 6f 63 6f 6c 20 |uence (p|rotocol |
|00002ea0| 42 29 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 63 6f 6e 74 72 69 62 75 |B), the |contribu|
|00002eb0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 2c |tion of |glucose,|
|00002ec0| 0d 0a 69 6e 64 65 70 65 | 6e 64 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 |..indepe|ndently |
|00002ed0| 6f 66 20 69 6e 73 75 6c | 69 6e 2c 20 6f 6e 20 66 |of insul|in, on f|
|00002ee0| 65 74 61 6c 20 67 6c 75 | 63 6f 73 65 20 6b 69 6e |etal glu|cose kin|
|00002ef0| 65 74 69 63 73 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 73 68 65 |etics in| the she|
|00002f00| 65 70 20 77 61 73 20 65 | 78 61 6d 69 6e 65 64 2e |ep was e|xamined.|
|00002f10| 0d 0a 49 6e 20 70 72 6f | 74 6f 63 6f 6c 20 41 2c |..In pro|tocol A,|
|00002f20| 20 38 20 73 69 6e 67 6c | 65 74 6f 6e 20 66 65 74 | 8 singl|eton fet|
|00002f30| 75 73 65 73 20 77 65 72 | 65 20 73 74 75 64 69 65 |uses wer|e studie|
|00002f40| 64 20 61 74 20 61 6e 20 | 61 76 65 72 61 67 65 20 |d at an |average |
|00002f50| 67 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 20 61 67 65 0d |gestatio|nal age.|
|00002f60| 0a 6f 66 20 31 32 39 20 | 64 61 79 73 20 61 6e 64 |.of 129 |days and|
|00002f70| 20 69 6e 20 70 72 6f 74 | 6f 63 6f 6c 20 42 2c 20 | in prot|ocol B, |
|00002f80| 37 20 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 | 74 6f 6e 20 66 65 74 75 |7 single|ton fetu|
|00002f90| 73 65 73 20 77 65 72 65 | 20 73 74 75 64 69 65 64 |ses were| studied|
|00002fa0| 20 61 74 20 61 20 6d 65 | 61 6e 0d 0a 67 65 73 74 | at a me|an..gest|
|00002fb0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 | 61 67 65 20 6f 66 20 31 |ational |age of 1|
|00002fc0| 32 36 20 64 61 79 73 2e | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 49 |26 days.|.. I|
|00002fd0| 6e 20 70 72 6f 74 6f 63 | 6f 6c 20 41 20 69 6e 66 |n protoc|ol A inf|
|00002fe0| 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 53 52 49 46 20 61 74 |usion of| SRIF at|
|00002ff0| 20 32 30 30 20 6d 75 5f | 67 2f 68 6f 75 72 20 64 | 200 mu_|g/hour d|
|00003000| 65 63 72 65 61 73 65 64 | 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 70 6c |ecreased| mean pl|
|00003010| 61 73 6d 61 0d 0a 6c 65 | 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 |asma..le|vels of |
|00003020| 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 | 61 6e 64 20 62 6c 6f 6f |insulin |and bloo|
|00003030| 64 20 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 | 65 20 62 79 20 32 2e 38 |d glucos|e by 2.8|
|00003040| 20 6d 75 5f 55 2f 6d 6c | 20 61 6e 64 20 31 2e 33 | mu_U/ml| and 1.3|
|00003050| 34 20 6d 67 2f 64 6c 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 |4 mg/dl |from the|
|00003060| 69 72 0d 0a 72 65 73 70 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 62 |ir..resp|ective b|
|00003070| 61 73 61 6c 20 63 6f 6e | 63 65 6e 74 72 61 74 69 |asal con|centrati|
|00003080| 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 36 | 2e 38 20 6d 75 5f 55 2f |ons of 6|.8 mu_U/|
|00003090| 6d 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 31 | 36 2e 34 37 20 6d 67 2f |ml and 1|6.47 mg/|
|000030a0| 64 6c 2e 20 20 4e 6f 0d | 0a 73 69 67 6e 69 66 69 |dl. No.|.signifi|
|000030b0| 63 61 6e 74 20 63 68 61 | 6e 67 65 73 20 69 6e 20 |cant cha|nges in |
|000030c0| 70 6c 61 73 6d 61 20 6c | 65 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 |plasma l|evels of|
|000030d0| 20 67 6c 75 63 61 67 6f | 6e 20 6f 72 20 72 61 74 | glucago|n or rat|
|000030e0| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 75 6d | 62 69 6c 69 63 61 6c 20 |es of um|bilical |
|000030f0| 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 0d | 0a 75 70 74 61 6b 65 20 |glucose.|.uptake |
|00003100| 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 67 6c | 75 63 6f 73 65 20 75 74 |or of gl|ucose ut|
|00003110| 69 6c 69 7a 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 77 65 72 65 20 66 |ilizatio|n were f|
|00003120| 6f 75 6e 64 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 67 |ound, bu|t mean g|
|00003130| 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 74 | 75 72 6e 6f 76 65 72 0d |lucose t|urnover.|
|00003140| 0a 64 65 63 72 65 61 73 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 31 2e |.decreas|ed by 1.|
|00003150| 37 37 20 6d 67 2f 6b 67 | 2f 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 2e |77 mg/kg|/minute.|
|00003160| 20 20 4e 6f 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 20 6f 6e 20 70 | No eff|ect on p|
|00003170| 6c 61 73 6d 61 20 6c 65 | 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 |lasma le|vels of |
|00003180| 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 | 6f 72 0d 0a 67 6c 75 63 |insulin |or..gluc|
|00003190| 61 67 6f 6e 20 77 61 73 | 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 77 |agon was| found w|
|000031a0| 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 64 64 69 74 69 6f 6e |ith the |addition|
|000031b0| 20 6f 66 20 67 6c 75 63 | 6f 73 65 20 61 74 20 61 | of gluc|ose at a|
|000031c0| 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 72 61 | 74 65 20 6f 66 20 35 2e | mean ra|te of 5.|
|000031d0| 36 20 6d 67 2f 6b 67 2f | 0d 0a 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 |6 mg/kg/|..minute|
|000031e0| 2e 20 20 44 65 73 70 69 | 74 65 20 73 75 70 70 72 |. Despi|te suppr|
|000031f0| 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 66 20 75 6d 62 69 6c 69 |ession o|f umbili|
|00003200| 63 61 6c 20 67 6c 75 63 | 6f 73 65 20 75 70 74 61 |cal gluc|ose upta|
|00003210| 6b 65 20 62 79 20 33 33 | 25 2c 20 74 6f 74 61 6c |ke by 33|%, total|
|00003220| 20 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 | 0d 0a 75 70 74 61 6b 65 | glucose|..uptake|
|00003230| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 | 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | increas|ed from |
|00003240| 61 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 6f | 66 20 36 2e 33 37 20 74 |a mean o|f 6.37 t|
|00003250| 6f 20 61 20 6d 65 61 6e | 20 6f 66 20 31 30 2e 32 |o a mean| of 10.2|
|00003260| 35 20 6d 67 2f 6b 67 2f | 20 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 2e |5 mg/kg/| minute.|
|00003270| 20 20 46 65 74 61 6c 0d | 0a 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 | Fetal.|.glucose|
|00003280| 20 72 65 61 63 68 65 64 | 20 61 20 6e 65 77 20 6d | reached| a new m|
|00003290| 65 61 6e 20 73 74 65 61 | 64 79 20 73 74 61 74 65 |ean stea|dy state|
|000032a0| 20 6f 66 20 32 33 2e 30 | 38 20 6d 67 2f 64 6c 3b | of 23.0|8 mg/dl;|
|000032b0| 20 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 | 20 74 75 72 6e 6f 76 65 | glucose| turnove|
|000032c0| 72 0d 0a 69 6e 63 72 65 | 61 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 |r..incre|ased by |
|000032d0| 61 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 6f | 66 20 34 2e 38 31 20 6d |a mean o|f 4.81 m|
|000032e0| 67 2f 6b 67 2f 6d 69 6e | 75 74 65 20 66 72 6f 6d |g/kg/min|ute from|
|000032f0| 20 69 74 73 20 53 52 49 | 46 2d 69 6e 64 75 63 65 | its SRI|F-induce|
|00003300| 64 20 6e 61 64 69 72 2e | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 42 |d nadir.|.. B|
|00003310| 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 67 6c 75 63 6f |ecause t|he gluco|
|00003320| 73 65 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 | 6e 74 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |se conce|ntration|
|00003330| 20 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 65 | 64 20 61 74 20 73 74 65 | remaine|d at ste|
|00003340| 61 64 79 20 73 74 61 74 | 65 2c 20 74 68 65 20 72 |ady stat|e, the r|
|00003350| 61 74 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a | 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 |ate of..|glucose |
|00003360| 75 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 77 61 73 20 |utilizat|ion was |
|00003370| 65 71 75 69 76 61 6c 65 | 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |equivale|nt to th|
|00003380| 65 20 72 61 74 65 20 6f | 66 20 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 |e rate o|f total |
|00003390| 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 | 75 70 74 61 6b 65 2c 20 |glucose |uptake, |
|000033a0| 61 6e 0d 0a 69 6e 63 72 | 65 61 73 65 20 6f 66 20 |an..incr|ease of |
|000033b0| 36 30 25 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 62 61 73 61 6c 20 6c |60% from| basal l|
|000033c0| 65 76 65 6c 73 20 64 65 | 73 70 69 74 65 20 73 75 |evels de|spite su|
|000033d0| 70 70 72 65 73 73 65 64 | 20 70 6c 61 73 6d 61 20 |ppressed| plasma |
|000033e0| 6c 65 76 65 6c 73 20 6f | 66 20 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 |levels o|f insuli|
|000033f0| 6e 2e 0d 0a 44 75 72 69 | 6e 67 20 63 6f 6d 62 69 |n...Duri|ng combi|
|00003400| 6e 65 64 20 67 6c 75 63 | 6f 73 65 20 61 6e 64 20 |ned gluc|ose and |
|00003410| 53 52 49 46 20 69 6e 66 | 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e |SRIF inf|usion in|
|00003420| 20 70 72 6f 74 6f 63 6f | 6c 20 42 20 74 68 65 20 | protoco|l B the |
|00003430| 63 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 | 69 6e 20 68 6f 72 6d 6f |changes |in hormo|
|00003440| 6e 65 0d 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 |ne..and |glucose |
|00003450| 63 6f 6e 63 65 6e 74 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 |concentr|ations, |
|00003460| 61 73 20 77 65 6c 6c 20 | 61 73 20 67 6c 75 63 6f |as well |as gluco|
|00003470| 73 65 20 66 6c 75 78 65 | 73 20 61 6e 64 20 6b 69 |se fluxe|s and ki|
|00003480| 6e 65 74 69 63 73 2c 20 | 77 65 72 65 0d 0a 71 75 |netics, |were..qu|
|00003490| 61 6e 74 69 74 61 74 69 | 76 65 6c 79 20 73 69 6d |antitati|vely sim|
|000034a0| 69 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 6f 73 65 20 69 6e |ilar to |those in|
|000034b0| 20 70 72 6f 74 6f 63 6f | 6c 20 41 2e 0d 0a 20 20 | protoco|l A... |
|000034c0| 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 72 | 65 73 75 6c 74 73 20 73 | The r|esults s|
|000034d0| 75 67 67 65 73 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 61 20 63 6f |uggest t|hat a co|
|000034e0| 6e 73 69 64 65 72 61 62 | 6c 65 20 66 72 61 63 74 |nsiderab|le fract|
|000034f0| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 67 | 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 75 |ion of g|lucose u|
|00003500| 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 0d 0a 69 6e 20 74 |tilizati|on..in t|
|00003510| 68 65 20 66 65 74 61 6c | 20 73 68 65 65 70 20 69 |he fetal| sheep i|
|00003520| 73 20 6c 61 72 67 65 6c | 79 20 69 6e 64 65 70 65 |s largel|y indepe|
|00003530| 6e 64 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 | 20 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e |ndent of| insulin|
|00003540| 2c 20 62 6f 74 68 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 62 61 |, both i|n the ba|
|00003550| 73 61 6c 20 73 74 61 74 | 65 0d 0a 61 73 20 77 65 |sal stat|e..as we|
|00003560| 6c 6c 20 61 73 20 64 75 | 72 69 6e 67 20 6d 6f 64 |ll as du|ring mod|
|00003570| 65 73 74 20 68 79 70 65 | 72 67 6c 79 63 65 6d 69 |est hype|rglycemi|
|00003580| 61 20 6f 66 20 73 68 6f | 72 74 20 64 75 72 61 74 |a of sho|rt durat|
|00003590| 69 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 50 6f 73 74 2d 43 6f 6d |ion.....|Post-Com|
|000035a0| 6d 65 6e 74 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 54 68 65 |ment....| The|
|000035b0| 20 44 61 6e 69 73 68 20 | 64 69 61 62 65 74 6f 6c | Danish |diabetol|
|000035c0| 6f 67 69 73 74 20 50 65 | 64 65 72 73 6f 6e 20 69 |ogist Pe|derson i|
|000035d0| 73 20 72 65 73 70 6f 6e | 73 69 62 6c 65 20 66 6f |s respon|sible fo|
|000035e0| 72 20 74 68 65 20 68 79 | 70 6f 74 68 65 73 69 73 |r the hy|pothesis|
|000035f0| 20 74 68 61 74 0d 0a 69 | 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e 2c 20 | that..i|nsulin, |
|00003600| 63 6f 75 70 6c 65 64 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 61 76 61 |coupled |with ava|
|00003610| 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 67 | 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 2c 20 |ilable g|lucose, |
|00003620| 73 65 72 76 65 73 20 61 | 73 20 61 20 67 72 6f 77 |serves a|s a grow|
|00003630| 74 68 20 66 61 63 74 6f | 72 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |th facto|r in the|
|00003640| 0d 0a 66 65 74 75 73 20 | 74 68 61 74 2c 20 69 66 |..fetus |that, if|
|00003650| 20 6e 6f 74 20 63 6f 6e | 74 72 6f 6c 6c 65 64 20 | not con|trolled |
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|00003860| 61 70 61 6e 63 72 65 61 | 74 69 63 20 62 65 63 61 |apancrea|tic beca|
|00003870| 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 67 6c 75 63 61 67 6f 6e |use the |glucagon|
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|00003940| 75 63 6f 73 65 20 75 70 | 74 61 6b 65 2e 20 20 49 |ucose up|take. I|
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|000039b0| 69 6e 64 65 70 65 6e 64 | 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 63 |independ|ent of c|
|000039c0| 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 69 | 6e 20 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 |hanges i|n insuli|
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|00003a20| 73 69 73 20 61 20 62 69 | 74 2e 2d 2d 54 2e 48 2e |sis a bi|t.--T.H.|
|00003a30| 20 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 | 61 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 | Kirschb|aum, M.D|
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|00003aa0| 6f 72 6d 61 6c 20 4c 65 | 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 |ormal Le|vels of |
|00003ab0| 46 65 74 61 6c 20 49 6e | 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 69 6e |Fetal In|sulin in|
|00003ac0| 20 52 65 67 75 6c 61 74 | 69 6e 67 20 55 74 65 72 | Regulat|ing Uter|
|00003ad0| 6f 70 6c 61 63 65 6e 74 | 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 55 |oplacent|al and U|
|00003ae0| 6d 62 69 6c 69 63 61 6c | 20 47 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 |mbilical| Glucose|
|00003af0| 20 45 78 63 68 61 6e 67 | 65 7d 0d 0a 24 41 75 74 | Exchang|e}..$Aut|
|00003b00| 68 6f 72 7b 48 61 79 2c | 20 57 57 20 4a 72 0d 0a |hor{Hay,| WW Jr..|
|00003b10| 4d 65 7a 6e 61 72 69 63 | 68 2c 20 48 4b 7d 0d 0a |Meznaric|h, HK}..|
|00003b20| 24 41 66 66 69 6c 69 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 7b 55 6e 69 |$Affilia|tion{Uni|
|00003b30| 76 20 6f 66 20 43 6f 6c | 6f 72 61 64 6f 7d 0d 0a |v of Col|orado}..|
|00003b40| 24 4a 6f 75 72 6e 61 6c | 7b 50 65 64 69 61 74 72 |$Journal|{Pediatr|
|00003b50| 20 52 65 73 7d 0d 0a 24 | 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 7b 32 | Res}..$|Volume{2|
|00003b60| 34 7d 0d 0a 24 50 61 67 | 65 7b 33 31 32 2d 33 31 |4}..$Pag|e{312-31|
|00003b70| 37 7d 0d 0a 24 44 61 74 | 65 7b 31 39 38 38 7d 0d |7}..$Dat|e{1988}.|
|00003b80| 0a 24 59 42 56 6f 6c 7b | 31 39 39 30 20 59 65 61 |.$YBVol{|1990 Yea|
|00003b90| 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f | 66 20 4f 62 73 74 65 74 |r Book o|f Obstet|
|00003ba0| 72 69 63 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 47 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c |rics and| Gynecol|
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|00003bc0| 2d 34 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 | 45 64 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 |-4}..$YB|Editor{D|
|00003bd0| 72 73 2e 20 4d 69 73 68 | 65 6c 6c 2c 20 4b 69 72 |rs. Mish|ell, Kir|
|00003be0| 73 63 68 62 61 75 6d 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 4d 6f 72 |schbaum,| and Mor|
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|00003c00| 24 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 | 61 74 6f 72 7b 54 2e 48 |$Comment|ator{T.H|
|00003c10| 2e 20 4b 69 72 73 63 68 | 62 61 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e |. Kirsch|baum, M.|
|00003c20| 44 2e 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 | 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |D.}....C|opyright|
|00003c30| 20 28 63 29 20 59 65 61 | 72 62 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 | (c) Yea|rbook Me|
|00003c40| 64 69 63 61 6c 20 50 75 | 62 6c 69 73 68 65 72 73 |dical Pu|blishers|
|00003c50| 2c 20 49 6e 63 2e 2c 20 | 31 39 39 30 0d 0a 0d 0a |, Inc., |1990....|
|00003c60| 31 39 39 30 20 59 65 61 | 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f |1990 Yea|r Book o|
|00003c70| 66 20 4f 62 73 74 65 74 | 72 69 63 73 20 61 6e 64 |f Obstet|rics and|
|00003c80| 20 47 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c | 6f 67 79 20 28 52 29 0d | Gynecol|ogy (R).|
|00003c90| 0a 0d 0a 43 68 61 70 74 | 65 72 20 31 2d 2d 4d 61 |...Chapt|er 1--Ma|
|00003ca0| 74 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 46 65 74 61 6c |ternal a|nd Fetal|
|00003cb0| 20 50 68 79 73 69 6f 6c | 6f 67 79 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d | Physiol|ogy....-|
|00003cc0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003cd0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003ce0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003cf0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003d00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 55 |--------|-----..U|
|00003d10| 73 65 20 6f 66 20 46 65 | 74 61 6c 20 53 74 72 65 |se of Fe|tal Stre|
|00003d20| 70 74 6f 7a 6f 74 6f 63 | 69 6e 20 49 6e 6a 65 63 |ptozotoc|in Injec|
|00003d30| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 44 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e |tion to |Determin|
|00003d40| 65 20 74 68 65 20 52 6f | 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 4e 6f |e the Ro|le of No|
|00003d50| 72 6d 61 6c 20 4c 65 76 | 65 6c 73 0d 0a 6f 66 20 |rmal Lev|els..of |
|00003d60| 46 65 74 61 6c 20 49 6e | 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 69 6e |Fetal In|sulin in|
|00003d70| 20 52 65 67 75 6c 61 74 | 69 6e 67 20 55 74 65 72 | Regulat|ing Uter|
|00003d80| 6f 70 6c 61 63 65 6e 74 | 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 55 |oplacent|al and U|
|00003d90| 6d 62 69 6c 69 63 61 6c | 20 47 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 |mbilical| Glucose|
|00003da0| 20 45 78 63 68 61 6e 67 | 65 0d 0a 0d 0a 48 61 79 | Exchang|e....Hay|
|00003db0| 20 57 57 20 4a 72 2c 20 | 4d 65 7a 6e 61 72 69 63 | WW Jr, |Meznaric|
|00003dc0| 68 20 48 4b 0d 0a 28 55 | 6e 69 76 20 6f 66 20 43 |h HK..(U|niv of C|
|00003dd0| 6f 6c 6f 72 61 64 6f 29 | 0d 0a 50 65 64 69 61 74 |olorado)|..Pediat|
|00003de0| 72 20 52 65 73 20 32 34 | 3a 33 31 32 2d 33 31 37 |r Res 24|:312-317|
|00003df0| 2c 20 31 39 38 38 0d 0a | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |, 1988..|--------|
|00003e00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e10| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e40| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a | 0d 0a 41 62 73 74 72 61 |------..|..Abstra|
|00003e50| 63 74 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 49 6e 73 75 6c |ct.... | Insul|
|00003e60| 69 6e 20 72 65 67 75 6c | 61 74 65 73 20 66 65 74 |in regul|ates fet|
|00003e70| 61 6c 20 67 6c 75 63 6f | 73 65 20 6d 65 74 61 62 |al gluco|se metab|
|00003e80| 6f 6c 69 73 6d 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 69 6e 63 72 65 |olism, a|nd incre|
|00003e90| 61 73 65 64 20 63 6f 6e | 63 65 6e 74 72 61 74 69 |ased con|centrati|
|00003ea0| 6f 6e 73 0d 0a 6f 66 20 | 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 |ons..of |insulin |
|00003eb0| 72 65 64 75 63 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 67 6c 75 63 6f |reduce t|he gluco|
|00003ec0| 73 65 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 | 6e 74 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |se conce|ntration|
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|00003f10| 54 68 65 20 72 6f 6c 65 | 20 6f 66 20 6e 6f 72 6d |The role| of norm|
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|00004050| 20 41 20 64 6f 73 61 67 | 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a 31 30 | A dosag|e of..10|
|00004060| 30 20 6d 67 20 78 20 6b | 67 5e 2d 31 20 78 20 64 |0 mg x k|g^-1 x d|
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|00004190| 75 72 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a | 69 6e 73 75 6c 69 6e 20 |ure of..|insulin |
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|00004250| 70 65 64 20 62 79 20 36 | 36 25 20 61 66 74 65 72 |ped by 6|6% after|
|00004260| 20 73 74 72 65 70 74 6f | 7a 6f 63 69 6e 2d 69 6e | strepto|zocin-in|
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|00004290| 67 6c 79 63 65 6d 69 61 | 20 62 75 74 20 72 65 74 |glycemia| but ret|
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|000042f0| 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 | 6f 6c 20 6d 61 74 65 72 |he contr|ol mater|
|00004300| 6e 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 66 | 65 74 61 6c 0d 0a 67 6c |nal to f|etal..gl|
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|00004320| 69 6f 6e 20 67 72 61 64 | 69 65 6e 74 2e 20 20 54 |ion grad|ient. T|
|00004330| 68 65 20 6e 65 74 20 75 | 74 65 72 6f 70 6c 61 63 |he net u|teroplac|
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|00004350| 74 61 6b 65 0d 0a 72 65 | 6d 61 69 6e 65 64 20 74 |take..re|mained t|
|00004360| 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 2e | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 54 |he same.|.. T|
|00004370| 68 69 73 20 73 74 75 64 | 79 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 |his stud|y provid|
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|00004390| 2c 20 69 6e 20 66 65 74 | 61 6c 20 73 68 65 65 70 |, in fet|al sheep|
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|00005160| 20 6d 69 64 74 72 61 6e | 73 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 | midtran|sfusion |
|00005170| 61 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 35 | 32 38 20 70 67 2f 6d 6c |and to 5|28 pg/ml|
|00005180| 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 74 | by the |end of t|
|00005190| 72 61 6e 73 66 75 73 69 | 6f 6e 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |ransfusi|on. The|
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|00005200| 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c | 20 61 74 20 77 68 69 63 |station,| at whic|
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|00005270| 2d 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |-Comment|.... |
|00005280| 20 54 68 69 73 20 68 6f | 72 6d 6f 6e 65 20 61 66 | This ho|rmone af|
|00005290| 66 65 63 74 69 6e 67 20 | 73 6f 64 69 75 6d 20 61 |fecting |sodium a|
|000052a0| 6e 64 20 77 61 74 65 72 | 20 64 69 75 72 65 73 69 |nd water| diuresi|
|000052b0| 73 20 69 6e 20 72 65 73 | 70 6f 6e 73 65 20 74 6f |s in res|ponse to|
|000052c0| 20 61 74 72 69 61 6c 0d | 0a 64 69 73 74 65 6e 74 | atrial.|.distent|
|000052d0| 69 6f 6e 20 68 61 73 20 | 62 65 65 6e 20 64 69 73 |ion has |been dis|
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|000052f0| 72 65 20 28 73 65 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 31 39 38 39 |re (see |the 1989|
|00005300| 20 59 45 41 52 20 42 4f | 4f 4b 20 4f 46 0d 0a 4f | YEAR BO|OK OF..O|
|00005310| 42 53 54 45 54 52 49 43 | 53 20 41 4e 44 20 47 59 |BSTETRIC|S AND GY|
|00005320| 4e 45 43 4f 4c 4f 47 59 | 2c 20 70 70 20 31 35 2d |NECOLOGY|, pp 15-|
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|00005370| 70 6c 6f 79 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 6d 65 63 |ploying |this mec|
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|000053c0| 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 68 6f | 6d 65 6f 73 74 61 73 69 |olume ho|meostasi|
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|000053e0| 65 78 63 72 65 74 69 6f | 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 |excretio|n into t|
|000053f0| 68 65 0d 0a 61 6d 6e 69 | 6f 74 69 63 20 63 61 76 |he..amni|otic cav|
|00005400| 69 74 79 2e 20 20 49 66 | 20 73 6f 2c 20 41 4e 46 |ity. If| so, ANF|
|00005410| 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 64 | is one |of the d|
|00005420| 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 61 | 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 61 |etermina|nts of a|
|00005430| 6d 6e 69 6f 74 69 63 20 | 66 6c 75 69 64 0d 0a 76 |mniotic |fluid..v|
|00005440| 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 72 65 | 67 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e |olume re|gulation|
|00005450| 2e 20 20 43 65 72 74 61 | 69 6e 20 72 65 73 65 72 |. Certa|in reser|
|00005460| 76 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |vations |need to |
|00005470| 62 65 20 63 69 74 65 64 | 2c 20 68 6f 77 65 76 65 |be cited|, howeve|
|00005480| 72 2e 20 20 54 6f 0d 0a | 6a 75 73 74 69 66 79 20 |r. To..|justify |
|00005490| 63 6f 72 64 6f 63 65 6e | 74 65 73 69 73 2c 20 74 |cordocen|tesis, t|
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|00005540| 70 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 | 69 6c 69 74 79 20 69 6e |p variab|ility in|
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|00005570| 0a 77 61 73 20 77 69 64 | 65 2e 20 20 45 61 63 68 |.was wid|e. Each|
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|000055d0| 20 4e 65 69 74 68 65 72 | 20 69 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 | Neither| is like|
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|00005650| 2d 2d 54 2e 48 2e 0d 0a | 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 61 |--T.H...|Kirschba|
|00005660| 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 2e | 0d 0a 24 55 6e 69 71 75 |um, M.D.|..$Uniqu|
|00005670| 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 52 42 | 31 31 34 30 35 7d 0d 0a |e_ID{YRB|11405}..|
|00005680| 24 54 69 74 6c 65 7b 45 | 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 6f |$Title{E|ffects o|
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|000056a0| 67 6c 79 63 65 6d 69 61 | 20 6f 6e 20 46 65 74 61 |glycemia| on Feta|
|000056b0| 6c 20 52 65 6e 61 6c 20 | 46 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e |l Renal |Function|
|000056c0| 20 69 6e 20 53 68 65 65 | 70 7d 0d 0a 24 41 75 74 | in Shee|p}..$Aut|
|000056d0| 68 6f 72 7b 53 6d 69 74 | 68 2c 20 46 47 0d 0a 4c |hor{Smit|h, FG..L|
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|00005750| 0a 24 50 61 67 65 7b 46 | 31 31 2d 46 31 34 7d 0d |.$Page{F|11-F14}.|
|00005760| 0a 24 44 61 74 65 7b 4a | 75 6c 79 20 31 39 38 38 |.$Date{J|uly 1988|
|00005770| 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 56 6f | 6c 7b 31 39 39 30 20 59 |}..$YBVo|l{1990 Y|
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|000057b0| 7b 31 2d 36 7d 0d 0a 24 | 59 42 45 64 69 74 6f 72 |{1-6}..$|YBEditor|
|000057c0| 7b 44 72 73 2e 20 4d 69 | 73 68 65 6c 6c 2c 20 4b |{Drs. Mi|shell, K|
|000057d0| 69 72 73 63 68 62 61 75 | 6d 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 4d |irschbau|m, and M|
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|000057f0| 61 62 6c 65 20 4f 6d 69 | 74 74 65 64 7d 0d 0a 24 |able Omi|tted}..$|
|00005800| 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 61 | 74 6f 72 7b 54 2e 48 2e |Commenta|tor{T.H.|
|00005810| 20 4b 69 72 73 63 68 62 | 61 75 6d 2c 20 4d 2e 44 | Kirschb|aum, M.D|
|00005820| 2e 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 6f | 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 |.}....Co|pyright |
|00005830| 28 63 29 20 59 65 61 72 | 62 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 64 |(c) Year|book Med|
|00005840| 69 63 61 6c 20 50 75 62 | 6c 69 73 68 65 72 73 2c |ical Pub|lishers,|
|00005850| 20 49 6e 63 2e 2c 20 31 | 39 39 30 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 | Inc., 1|990....1|
|00005860| 39 39 30 20 59 65 61 72 | 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 |990 Year| Book of|
|00005870| 20 4f 62 73 74 65 74 72 | 69 63 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | Obstetr|ics and |
|00005880| 47 79 6e 65 63 6f 6c 6f | 67 79 20 28 52 29 0d 0a |Gynecolo|gy (R)..|
|00005890| 0d 0a 43 68 61 70 74 65 | 72 20 31 2d 2d 4d 61 74 |..Chapte|r 1--Mat|
|000058a0| 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 61 6e | 64 20 46 65 74 61 6c 20 |ernal an|d Fetal |
|000058b0| 50 68 79 73 69 6f 6c 6f | 67 79 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d 2d |Physiolo|gy....--|
|000058c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000058d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000058e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000058f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005900| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 45 66 |--------|----..Ef|
|00005910| 66 65 63 74 73 20 6f 66 | 20 4d 61 74 65 72 6e 61 |fects of| Materna|
|00005920| 6c 20 48 79 70 65 72 67 | 6c 79 63 65 6d 69 61 20 |l Hyperg|lycemia |
|00005930| 6f 6e 20 46 65 74 61 6c | 20 52 65 6e 61 6c 20 46 |on Fetal| Renal F|
|00005940| 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 53 68 65 65 70 |unction |in Sheep|
|00005950| 0d 0a 0d 0a 53 6d 69 74 | 68 20 46 47 2c 20 4c 75 |....Smit|h FG, Lu|
|00005960| 6d 62 65 72 73 20 45 52 | 0d 0a 28 55 6e 69 76 20 |mbers ER|..(Univ |
|00005970| 6f 66 20 4e 65 77 20 53 | 6f 75 74 68 20 57 61 6c |of New S|outh Wal|
|00005980| 65 73 2c 20 4b 65 6e 73 | 69 6e 67 74 6f 6e 2c 20 |es, Kens|ington, |
|00005990| 41 75 73 74 72 61 6c 69 | 61 29 0d 0a 41 6d 20 4a |Australi|a)..Am J|
|000059a0| 20 50 68 79 73 69 6f 6c | 20 32 35 35 3a 46 31 31 | Physiol| 255:F11|
|000059b0| 2d 46 31 34 2c 20 4a 75 | 6c 79 20 31 39 38 38 0d |-F14, Ju|ly 1988.|
|000059c0| 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |.-------|--------|
|000059d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000059e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000059f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005a00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d |--------|-------.|
|00005a10| 0a 0d 0a 41 62 73 74 72 | 61 63 74 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |...Abstr|act.... |
|00005a20| 20 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 69 74 | The |composit|
|00005a30| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 61 | 6d 6e 69 6f 74 69 63 20 |ion of a|mniotic |
|00005a40| 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c 61 | 6e 74 6f 69 63 20 66 6c |and alla|ntoic fl|
|00005a50| 75 69 64 73 20 6d 61 79 | 20 62 65 20 72 65 67 75 |uids may| be regu|
|00005a60| 6c 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 | 0d 0a 74 72 61 6e 73 66 |lated by|..transf|
|00005a70| 65 72 20 61 63 72 6f 73 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 |er acros|s the me|
|00005a80| 6d 62 72 61 6e 65 73 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 |mbranes,| and the|
|00005a90| 69 72 20 76 6f 6c 75 6d | 65 73 20 6d 61 79 20 62 |ir volum|es may b|
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|00005ab0| 68 65 20 72 61 74 65 0d | 0a 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 64 |he rate.|.of prod|
|00005ac0| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 66 20 66 65 74 61 6c 20 |uction o|f fetal |
|00005ad0| 75 72 69 6e 65 2e 20 20 | 54 6f 20 64 65 74 65 72 |urine. |To deter|
|00005ae0| 6d 69 6e 65 20 77 68 65 | 74 68 65 72 20 66 65 74 |mine whe|ther fet|
|00005af0| 61 6c 20 68 79 70 65 72 | 67 6c 79 63 65 6d 69 61 |al hyper|glycemia|
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|00005b10| 61 6e 67 65 20 69 6e 20 | 6d 61 74 65 72 6e 61 6c |ange in |maternal|
|00005b20| 20 70 6c 61 73 6d 61 20 | 67 6c 75 63 6f 73 65 20 | plasma |glucose |
|00005b30| 6c 65 76 65 6c 73 20 61 | 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 66 |levels a|ffects f|
|00005b40| 65 74 61 6c 20 72 65 6e | 61 6c 20 66 75 6e 63 74 |etal ren|al funct|
|00005b50| 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 0d | 0a 74 6f 20 65 73 74 61 |ion and.|.to esta|
|00005b60| 62 6c 69 73 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 6d 65 63 68 61 6e |blish th|e mechan|
|00005b70| 69 73 6d 73 20 75 6e 64 | 65 72 6c 79 69 6e 67 20 |isms und|erlying |
|00005b80| 61 6e 79 20 73 75 63 68 | 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 2c |any such| effect,|
|00005b90| 20 31 30 20 63 68 72 6f | 6e 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 0d | 10 chro|nically.|
|00005ba0| 0a 63 61 74 68 65 74 65 | 72 69 7a 65 64 20 66 65 |.cathete|rized fe|
|00005bb0| 74 61 6c 20 73 68 65 65 | 70 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 |tal shee|p were s|
|00005bc0| 74 75 64 69 65 64 20 61 | 66 74 65 72 20 69 6e 66 |tudied a|fter inf|
|00005bd0| 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 31 30 30 20 67 6d 20 |usion of| 100 gm |
|00005be0| 6f 66 20 67 6c 75 63 6f | 73 65 20 69 6e 74 6f 0d |of gluco|se into.|
|00005bf0| 0a 74 68 65 20 65 77 65 | 20 6f 76 65 72 20 33 30 |.the ewe| over 30|
|00005c00| 20 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 73 | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | minutes|... |
|00005c10| 46 65 74 61 6c 20 62 6c | 6f 6f 64 20 67 6c 75 63 |Fetal bl|ood gluc|
|00005c20| 6f 73 65 20 6c 65 76 65 | 6c 73 20 69 6e 63 72 65 |ose leve|ls incre|
|00005c30| 61 73 65 64 20 77 69 74 | 68 69 6e 20 31 35 20 6d |ased wit|hin 15 m|
|00005c40| 69 6e 75 74 65 73 20 6f | 66 20 69 6e 66 75 73 69 |inutes o|f infusi|
|00005c50| 6f 6e 0d 0a 63 6f 6d 70 | 6c 65 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 |on..comp|letion f|
|00005c60| 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 6d 65 | 61 6e 20 6f 66 20 31 35 |rom a me|an of 15|
|00005c70| 2e 37 35 20 6d 67 2f 64 | 6c 20 74 6f 20 31 39 35 |.75 mg/d|l to 195|
|00005c80| 2e 34 20 6d 67 2f 64 6c | 2e 20 20 41 20 73 69 67 |.4 mg/dl|. A sig|
|00005c90| 6e 69 66 69 63 61 6e 74 | 20 65 6c 65 76 61 74 69 |nificant| elevati|
|00005ca0| 6f 6e 0d 0a 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 66 65 74 61 6c |on..in t|he fetal|
|00005cb0| 20 67 6c 6f 6d 65 72 75 | 6c 61 72 20 66 69 6c 74 | glomeru|lar filt|
|00005cc0| 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 72 | 61 74 65 20 66 72 6f 6d |ration r|ate from|
|00005cd0| 20 61 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 32 2e 37 33 20 | a mean |of 2.73 |
|00005ce0| 6d 6c 2f 20 6d 69 6e 75 | 74 65 20 74 6f 20 33 2e |ml/ minu|te to 3.|
|00005cf0| 36 35 0d 0a 6d 6c 2f 6d | 69 6e 75 74 65 20 77 61 |65..ml/m|inute wa|
|00005d00| 73 20 6f 62 73 65 72 76 | 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 69 |s observ|ed withi|
|00005d10| 6e 20 31 20 31 2f 32 20 | 68 6f 75 72 73 20 6f 66 |n 1 1/2 |hours of|
|00005d20| 20 69 6e 66 75 73 69 6f | 6e 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 | infusio|n comple|
|00005d30| 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 54 | 68 65 20 75 72 69 6e 65 |tion. T|he urine|
|00005d40| 0d 0a 66 6c 6f 77 20 72 | 61 74 65 20 72 6f 73 65 |..flow r|ate rose|
|00005d50| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 | 6d 65 61 6e 20 6f 66 20 | from a |mean of |
|00005d60| 30 2e 33 38 20 6d 6c 2f | 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 20 74 |0.38 ml/|minute t|
|00005d70| 6f 20 30 2e 36 33 20 6d | 6c 2f 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 |o 0.63 m|l/minute|
|00005d80| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 73 6f | 64 69 75 6d 0d 0a 65 78 |, and so|dium..ex|
|00005d90| 63 72 65 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 72 6f 73 65 20 66 72 6f |cretion |rose fro|
|00005da0| 6d 20 61 20 6d 65 61 6e | 20 6f 66 20 31 38 2e 34 |m a mean| of 18.4|
|00005db0| 32 20 6d 75 5f 6d 6f 6c | 2f 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 20 |2 mu_mol|/minute |
|00005dc0| 74 6f 20 33 38 2e 34 20 | 6d 75 5f 6d 6f 6c 2f 6d |to 38.4 |mu_mol/m|
|00005dd0| 69 6e 75 74 65 20 77 69 | 74 68 69 6e 0d 0a 32 20 |inute wi|thin..2 |
|00005de0| 31 2f 32 20 68 6f 75 72 | 73 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 66 |1/2 hour|s of inf|
|00005df0| 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 63 6f | 6d 70 6c 65 74 69 6f 6e |usion co|mpletion|
|00005e00| 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 66 | 72 61 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 |. The f|raction |
|00005e10| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 69 6c 74 65 72 65 64 20 |of the f|iltered |
|00005e20| 6c 6f 61 64 0d 0a 65 78 | 63 72 65 74 65 64 20 61 |load..ex|creted a|
|00005e30| 6c 73 6f 20 72 6f 73 65 | 2c 20 61 73 20 64 69 64 |lso rose|, as did|
|00005e40| 20 74 68 65 20 66 72 61 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | the fra|ction of|
|00005e50| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 73 6d | 6f 6c 61 72 20 6c 6f 61 | the osm|olar loa|
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|000063e0| 75 61 6e 74 69 74 79 20 | 6f 66 20 67 6c 75 63 6f |uantity |of gluco|
|000063f0| 73 65 2c 20 73 6f 64 69 | 75 6d 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |se, sodi|um, and |
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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